Chipurupalli, S.; Kannan, E.; Tergaonkar, V.; D’Andrea, R.; Robinson, N. Hypoxia Induced ER Stress Response as an Adaptive Mechanism in Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 749.
Abstract:
It is evident that regions within tumors are deprived of oxygen, which makes the microenvironment hypoxic. Cancer cells experiencing hypoxia undergo metabolic alterations and cytoprotective adaptive mechanisms to survive such stringent conditions. While such mechanisms provide potential therapeutic targets, the mechanisms by which hypoxia regulates adaptive responses—such as ER stress response, unfolded protein response (UPR), anti-oxidative responses, and autophagy—remain elusive. In this review, we summarize the complex interplay between hypoxia and the ER stress signaling pathways that are activated in the hypoxic microenvironment of the tumors.
License type:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Funding Info:
The authors acknowledge Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for financial support vide reference no SR/WOS-A/LS-21/2016 under Women Scientist Scheme to carry out research in this area to SC. SC was also supported with a fellowship from European Association of Cancer Research. Work in the laboratory of NR has been supported by funds from Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD; funded by the DFG within the Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments) and Köln Fortune, University clinic, Cologne, grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 670). NR and VT’s laboratories are also supported by grants from Department of State Development, South Australia and funds from University of South Australia.